The value of all the trees and environmental benefits information
The Almighty God blessed us with a yes in large countless benefits to the people where
When Nntoml creatures we believe in his ability Izz great Almighty in composition
And that the Almighty created to facilitate the life of man
It is this great blessings blessing (trees
* Tree is the largest living organism on the age of the earth's surface
* Some of the trees and plants is doing a diet a process called photosynthesis or transformation
* The internal configuration of the tree is a porous layer and fiber and fabric conveyor and waterproof layer Kambiom
* Class tanker of water carrying water from the roots to the leaves
* Shade of trees can be cooled heat homes as much as 20 degrees lower in the summer
* Reduce the trees of the air temperature by evaporating water from the leaves
* Dindronologi science is the science of the age of the trees is calculated by the number of trunk rings
* The trunk and give accurate information about the vagaries of the environment that have taken place and activities, including the volcanic episodes
* Birch Mature trees produce more than a million seeds every year
* Trees help reduce the level of inconvenience being insulates normal voices
* Trees produce our food mismatch produces different types of fruit color and taste of the fruits of many types
* Generate trees in people a sense of comfort and confidence and that is to link life and human nature in green, which coats the trees and also of what is produced by the trees of the oxygen breathing heavily, making it easier for humans process and therefore a sense of comfort
* The wind speed and direction can be controlled by the trees, the more the vegetative growth thick on the tree whenever the bumpers good wind, as well as can trees neutralize or absorb the barrage of heavy rain Owalomtar icy and cold and thus provide some protection for people and animals and household buildings. Trees encountered in water and stored overwhelming part of it, which reduces the possibility of a runoff waves and floods
* Tatnbar trees the main source of which is indispensable in the production of timber and which are needed in our daily lives due to be used in the furniture and other things that human beings need not shed it has been associated with human use of wood for the trees since ancient times to the present day
* Trees of the important sources of fuel are considered in spite of the emergence of the discovery of other resources like oil and natural gas, but the trees are still heavily used and are important in use in some countries that lack these resources
* The planting of trees or shrubs, make us more back to nature and underestimate the artificial environment, the natural cycle of life of the tree of recycling and fractionation will go to the Earth's surface and its interior, which restores the natural ecological balance of urban agglomerations
This is a brief of some of the benefits of diverse trees
Under avail himself of the rights, obscured by dust and wind, mitigate noise, produce our food, produce our medicine, produce our perfumes, produce our paper, produce our wood, produce our cork, produces us gum, produced us tooth brushing, produces us chewing gum, produced our oxygen, we produce rubber, coal produces us, we produce oil, some people build their homes from the trunks of trees, used by birds and some animals as homes and their nests
Parts of the tree
The tree is composed of the following parts
1. Roots (Roots
2. leg / trunk (Stem), consists of wood on the leg Kakecrh Foreign who have significant economic importance, leg consists of the following parts
- Bark (outer bark) (Outer bark
- Phloem (inner bark) (Inner bark
- Alcambayoum (Cambium
- Succulent Wood (Sapwood
- Wood Heart / interior wood (Heartwood
- Marrow (Pith
About trees and their types and their benefits and detriments
3. Crown (Twig), which is part of the branch of the tree that holds the buds, flowers and fruits, and the disagreement is determined by the classification tree
4. The primary cells or peripheral Almrsteimh (Primary / apical meristems), is a group of rapidly dividing cells and are at the end of each branch of the leg branches or roots. We find it functions
- Layer composition Alcambayoum
- Responsible for the longitudinal growth of the stem and roots
- Leaves, flowers configuration
- Composition of the hood in the roots
The hood is part of the anatomical structure of the upper section, a place of its presence in the root tip from the bottom in general in all plants except aquatic plants length of no more than (1 mm
5. Wood (Wood), wood is the permanent fabric of the tree and consists of a shaped tubular cells and the bulk of the strong walls of a substance to be "cellulose." These cells are present in the form of layers stick adhesive material called "lignin", these cells are arranged longitudinally in the form of strips parallel to the direction of the original leg and rarely accidental, Wood parts briefly
- Wooden vessels (Wood vessels
- Wood fiber (Wood fibers
- Bronchitis Albranchimih wood (Tracheids
- Wood cells (Xylemparenchyma
The affected wood cells as they grow weathering and environmental, we find that the wood that grows in the spring (spring wood) differs from that which grows in the summer (summer wood). The former is characterized by wood cells that have a thin wall and Vjuatha more spacious The Summer Fjdar cells be thick and smaller cellular gaps, and this difference in growth characterizes the annual growth rings (Annual growth rings
We can also divide the wood physiologically: Wood waterless (Sapwood), a light-colored wood and carry water and juices to different parts of the plant, the inner timber (Heartwood) or heartwood, which consists of cells stops its physiological death of some or all of its color dark due to deposition of resins and spruce and colorful
About trees and their types and their benefits and detriments
Bark / bark (Bark), located outside layer Alcambayoum, and consists of a tubular shaped cells arranged like wooden bowls yet differ in composition and durability
The bark is made up of two parts
- An internal portion adjacent to the Kambiom consists of live and active cells have the ability to do physiological processes
- While the outer part consists of strong cells
- Separates the inner portion and the outer bark corky tissue is impermeable to moisture-called (Periderm), which acts as a protective tissue which grows from the inner part of the bark as a result of pressure and tearing bark that accompanies the growth of tree diameter
And his job: transporting food from photosynthesis processes to developing tissues and tissue storage
* Determinants of the importance of trees
1. The type of wood
2. The speed of growth
3. The final size
4. longevity of the tree
5. tree susceptibility to multiply
6. resistance to diseases
7. compliance with environmental and climatic factors
* Division of the trees
A plant in terms of upbringing
All the world's trees fall under the Department of plants bearing seeds (Seed bearing plant), with the exception of wood ferns (Woody ferns
And plants bearing seeds are divided into two sections
A battle seeds (Gymnosperms
This means that the seed be naked is not within the ovary, and be either mounted Guenabh Alguenabh is paper squamous graduated from Abtha Venus) Bract
(B) covered with seeds (Angiosperms)
It is plants that bear seeds covered within the ovary, which in turn are divided into one of cotyledon plants and plants with Vlqtin
(B) in terms of volume
It is divided into several stages pass by the tree
A seedling stage (Seedlings stage), or the first phase which includes trees since the germination of the seed to be up to 10 cm tree without regard to the diameter of the tree
B. Shrub stage conservatively (Sapling stage), or the second phase when the length of the tree is 91 cm or more and the diameter is about 10 cm. Where to start when the diameter measuring tree height of the earth's surface becomes about 130 cm
(C) vertical stage (Pole stage), are trees with a diameter of 10-30 cm
(D) the standard stage (Standard stage), when the country reaches from 30-61 cm
(E) stage durables (Old stage), or the stage of old trees are trees with a diameter greater than 60 cm
(C) in terms of the crown
A dominant trees (Dominant trees), and be the degree of growth in the crown of the tree than the average year, the crown of trees that belong to the same group growth. And be open to the crown of the highest in the sun and the crown of the highest-rays as well as from the sides
B trees under the prevailing (Co-dominant trees), trees with the crown of a medium-sized represents the average height of the trees in groups and has many branches. And permeate the sun's rays from the top of the crown and a handful of aspects
(C) medium trees (Intermediate trees), trees have crowns medium and branches of many aspects of it down, reached by sunlight from the top and not from the sides or from the bottom
D blurred trees (Suppressed trees), trees have crowns narrow and small under average size of tree crowns Group, it does not arrive any light from the sun
E dead trees (Dead trees), her crowns like the previous trees, but disappear under the crowns of the rest of the trees for a long time which exposes them to being infected with pests and weakness and then death
(D) in terms of age
1. age group divided the tree Balashran years, it is classified ages of zero and -20 21-40 and 41-60,and so on, this is the US designation
The rating follows the EU ten years category: from zero -10 and 11-20 and 21-30 ... etc
According to this division, called the trees thus
- Long-old trees
- Medium-old trees
- Short-lived trees
2. There is another division of the age of the tree, there are
- With a single age of trees (Even-aged trees
- Trees of different ages (Uneven-aged trees
(E) terms of use
- In order to obtain wood / wood trees (Forest trees
- Trees in order to obtain the fruits / Tmrah trees (Fruit trees
- Trees for ornamental / decorative trees (Ornamental trees
- Deciduous trees (Deciduous trees
- Evergreen trees (Evergreen trees
* Multiplication of the trees
Trees grow and reproduce in one of the following methods
1. seed, that planted the seed in Moaguirr (dedicated to the cultivation of container) and then transferred to a small pot and into the soil or earth permanent sustainable
Or planting the seed in small pots and then to sustainable land as is the case with large seeds or be planted in the ground directly
2. mind, that are grown in wooden frames first (Flats) and then transferred to the ground after persistent be root or be planted in the ground directly
3. cancers (Suckers), no new growths near the base of the plant or from under the soil surface. And rely on their diet on the mother because they are not independent roots therefore taken into account when separated sever part of the trunk with the so-called "heel" to help in the formation of radicals
4. decantation (Layering), there are some plants that grow on the roots of her legs are benefiting from these roots Petrqidha in the soil to grow where other new plants derive their food from the soil immersed until the time comes to be separated
5. Vaccination (Crafting), method of vaccination pen in February or eye in spring and autumn
* Cultivation of different types of trees
1. ornamental trees
It differs depending on the choice of tree decorations uniforms adorned with the place, and there are specifications for selected. Among these factors, which is determined by the choice of a particular type of cultivation next mentioned
Identify the desired height of decorative trees, if they will be planted in front of the building Veraay not be higher than the top of the building .. If the rear view (the last point in the place), there is no objection from the tall trees that are left to grow naturally
Identification of the show, not to plant trees next to the broad middle of walkways or small spaces or narrow. And vice versa can be used if you want to hide the view is not desirable
planting distances, taking into account that the spaces left be between trees by the size of the tree itself should not be less than the distance from the size of the tree
Choose the type of tree, conical tree is used to coordinate the back or in front of large buildings of what is available from the characteristics of evergreen leaves Time and needles that are not easily damaged
The evergreen trees Wiczra sustainable over the bodies, trees fallen leaves Wiczra for the purpose of shade in the summer
Learn how to shaping ornamental trees, and are one of the following ways
A cylindrical shape, equally summit with al-Qaeda, where the original left leg vertical growth. Then Tcrdo of the highest order to the lateral growth of the branches, which trimmed from the top and bottom with the settlement aspects happen
(B) the shape of cone, and where the branches dilated and the head tight like a pyramid shaped base and therefore whether the left leg of growth vertical then Tcrdo from top to encourage lateral growth, then trim the upper branches of the side Tkulaima unfair and branches lower Tkulaima light to consist shaped cone
C figure cupped, which unlike the previous format, in which the base is narrow and the head dilated This is done by cutting the original axis of the plant after it has required a maximum of 4 meters altitude in the street trees and then choose some upper branches near the cutting area so that they are distributed regularly and balanced in the sub-direction Rasi (minimum distance between the branch and the next 20 cm), so that the heart is free of branches
The degree of openness of the summit vary in different regions and in different weather conditions. In warm areas, where trees are more susceptible to the sun shall be a few degrees of openness through the distribution of the side branches of the breakdown of the spiral and in the semi-vertical direction and the same for the areas most vulnerable to winds
pruning ornamental trees, the pruning process governed by many factors including
A purpose, the purpose of planting ornamental trees .. If the purpose of the shade they need a simple trim or may not need, but if agriculture in order to obtain the largest amount of light or they disrupt traffic or crowding buildings must be Tkulaimha
(B) the different pruning date, depending on the type of trees Deciduous trees trimmed and are in dormancy The sustainable Vtqlm often developed after the flowering season directly
(C) the emergence of signs of weakness, in order to renew its activity is Tkulaimha Tkulaima unfair but that grow natural growth be sufficient to remove damaged or diseased branches or dry
fertilization and care for trees, fertilization is in the winter before the beginning of the growing season and how much fertilizer depends on the size of the tree where you need every tree roughly to about 30 kg fertilizer tossing around the trunk and then stir into the soil and irrigated
Irrigation, irrigation depends on the soil type and weather conditions with no neglect especially when they are small trees
street trees
Any tree planted course be primarily for the purpose of aesthetic, but not only this Vtaatadd benefits multiple species of trees, and so the case with street trees in addition to aesthetic purposes they protect us from the heat of summer as a shadow alleviate boredom given concrete buildings
Street trees fall under the multiple ways in trees species, are as follows
A broad roads trees (Trees for avenues
B street trees (Trees for streets
C narrow roads trees (Trees for lanes
D agricultural roads, which are divided into dry areas and damp areas trees (Trees for highways
There are instructions to be followed when doing planting of street trees
Selection of the appropriate place, which is on both sides of the road or in the middle of the street
Choose one type of trees per street, if only long street are choosing two different types so Atanasba in terms of shape, color and height
Branches should not extend beyond the big tree for a distance so as not to impede traffic, and should not be a tree trunk tilted requires that not less than the main stem length of 3-4 meters
The distance at which each tree away from the other is 10 meters
Stay away from wire phone or electricity when planting trees in the streets and roads
Choose the quality of the quarrel with branching based or Jaime by widening the street or stretching the wire
choose trees that are in many Tkulaimha wiring streets
agricultural roads trees
It is resorting to planting such trees for the benefit of either private or public for the benefit of each and there is purpose in terms of selecting quality trees for him
A private benefit trees: The purpose of the shade, for the use of wood, or in order to establish the limits of a comma between the property
(B) the public interest: trees shade the primary purpose of which is grown on both sides of the road just 10 meters from each other and be a quick list of trees such as eucalyptus growth. If you have been cultivated on the canal or waterway should be tent shaped locket or those branches so as not to hide the water view, such as willow trees
windbreak trees
As its name it is for the purpose of repelling wind from the garden, and have their place in the Navy and Western authorities. Suffice row and one of them be the distance at which the tree away from the other about 1.5 -2 meters, but if the place was an exhibit very strong winds it is best to cultivate two types or more of the trees and that the distance between the tree and the other from 2.5-3 meters
Types of windbreak trees: Aasro, camphor, and there are important conditions for the selection of the tree planted windbreaks type
be permanent greenery
to be a list of subsidiarity
be a major type of paper because it is not affected by wind and torn
Be quick growth and high-rise
be dense Warraq that reach almost to the ground
Be strong torso so as not to be broken by the wind
not be weak and susceptible to pests, they transmit the infection to others
* Trees rankings
* In terms of properties of the plant
1. lasting evergreen trees
About trees and their types and their benefits and detriments
A conical trees (Conifers
It is a kind of evergreen trees do not need to trim the irregular shape attractive, so they do not need to effort when planting. A needle-shaped leaves as she loves the sun and its light but not drought-tolerant and need good drainage deep soil acidic. There are such type of so-called short conical trees (Dwarf conifers), it can be placed in the next coordination Deciduous trees or broadband paper trees
B wide-leaf trees (Broadleaved evergreen trees
Have many kinds and characterized by its leaves is large in size, which is evergreen throughout the year, including
1. large trees (Large sized trees
2. medium trees (Medium size trees
3. Small trees (Small trees
2. Deciduous trees (Deciduous trees
Falling leaves in the winter, and this gives them the aesthetic appearance of precipitation, so it's best grown in cold areas to drop their leaves quickly, and then acquire the form of the beautiful. It can be planted next to evergreen trees to be given this form fascinating contrast of the park
About trees and their types and their benefits and detriments
- Small / large shrubs, trees (Small trees / Large shrubs
Shrubs are for coordination purposes on a miniature scale, which serves as the boundary between the trees and shrubs which it occupies an intermediate hub. It can be planted in groups or in individual models
* In terms of form
existing trees (Erect trees
It is a list consisting of one leg or legs where the second leg is divided sharply reflects the shape of the tree-based tree, and there are two types of it
A list of trees narrow (Narrow upright trees
(B) the widening of existing trees (Broad upright trees)
cylindrical trees (Columnar trees
About trees and their types and their benefits and detriments
trees with spreading (Spreading trees
A tree that spreads its branches horizontally where the summit will be flat, and need space in order to allow it to easily spread. Whenever made by the old paint artistic images Bofraha extended. But it is easy refraction branches of weakness should therefore be planted away from windbreaks
It is divided into scattered trees and widespread (Wide-spreading trees
open the summit trees (Open headed trees
Are irregular in their growth or do not know her specific characteristics, and do not have a specific composition of builders could force some of them to sunlight irregular shape or composition
round summit trees (Round headed trees
Round trees that grow summit is the structure of the tip or round, which gives her the curved shape
About trees and their types and their benefits and detriments
hierarchical trees (Pyramidal trees
These trees grow legs and sub-sections perpendicular to the legs or Ttahedl. And show the tree in a conical view of a regular summit ends with a sharp phenomenon
These trees are used with vegetable shapes or semicircular domes, there are two types
A narrow hierarchical trees (Narrow pyramidal trees
B hierarchical trees and wide (Broad pyramidal trees
shade trees (Shade trees
Is the aim of giving the shade trees of the park and roads, and are selected from the round or open-summits species. Check her not to be initially unintended, but is transformed into trees under the trees when filed by age and extends its branches. There are two types of it for the purpose of light shade or for the purpose of dense shade
Almtahedlh trees
Trees are characterized by branches Btahedlha down to become free movement, it is best to sow the seeds in individual models in front of many buildings or on the edges of canals and agricultural roads or water islands
In terms of adapting to different factors
trees bear high temperatures (Heat enduring trees
Trees have the ability to absorb the sharp sunlight that is reflected on the walls exposed to direct sunlight or repel hot currents
trees resistant to the fumes and dust (Smoke & dust enduring trees
Trees absorb the toxic effects of factory waste from the fumes, which require very great care as a result of the deposition of impurities on the surface of the soil should therefore be fertilized and watered carefully, especially by adding calcium to improve the properties of the soil
drought-resistant trees (Drought resistance trees
It is the trees that have the properties to enable them to adapt when exposed to factors of drought, and so in the following ways
- The closure of the mouths of their leaves when the dry season so as not to lose water by transpiration
- Change the status of their leaves for the sun in the anti Baltvaffha
- Send deep roots in the soil to get the maximum amount of water
trees, the soil alkaline (Trees for alkali soil
It is suitable for trees with soil drainage is not good, and thus the accumulation of alkaline elements to the soil surface
trees to the soil fertile (Trees for fertile soil
Trees suitable for growth in the food-rich soil, while there are some kinds of plants that do not grow the middle of this lush climate
poor soil trees (Trees for sterile soil
There are plenty of trees that do not adapt, but with poor soil, and is located on the selection of trees that bear the cold moderately wood to be able to produce less at the same time be produced early in the autumn
light soil trees (Trees for light soil
Light soils are soils that are large grains crystallized and the distances between them, it does not keep quantities of water for long periods. And less organic matter out and be among the components sand
Selection is located here on the trees that grow its roots minutes delves into the ground, preferably planted in the fall so that they can grow before the summer heat because the enemies of this tree is three things: heat, drought, excessive sunlight
Heavy soil trees (Trees for heavy soil)
Properties of heavy soil is the opposite of the previous properties of soil, and the soil light enemies are friends heavy soil for the growth of the trees that have also reversed the previous specification type to be of the kind that grows thick and it is an in-depth roots. This quality planting of trees preferably in the spring, where the sunlight encourages the growth and interest in good drainage, especially in the rainy season because they need a degree of homogeneous soil moisture throughout the year.
shallow soil trees (Trees for Shallow soil
There are some species of trees that grow roots in a horizontal position close to the soil surface and not vertically to a great depth, so Vtlaimha of rock layers or simple soil depth (shallow
gravel soil trees (Trees for gravelly soil
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