Black hole
an introduction
The universe is everything in this existence of matter and energy, and small article of quarks and electrons and other coherent with each other to form larger parts of atoms, which in turn and cohesion with each form molecules, the molecules meet with each other to be dust and celestial bodies from which stars, planets, moons, asteroids, comets and other and meets the stars within a very large groups known galaxies, which in turn exist within larger groups called clusters of galaxies, which meets with each other in the above galaxy clusters consisting big universe within a large circular ring extending from the quark even the galaxy
It contains our universe on the many mysteries and puzzles Perhaps one of the most mysterious mystery hidden black hole, which is one of the most names unusual in the world of physics and more phenomena scare, a horror-point in the sky, and thought that black holes may be the universal tool which he has put the Almighty folding the sky and surrounding objects, Ratqh universe in point uniqueness as it appeared. He says (Day turn the sky Kti record for the books as we first created him back
Before talking about the black hole must be identified on the stars more; and see how the breed and how to live? And how to die? And how it reached up to become a black hole in the universe
: The definition of a black hole
Is a region in space Elzimkani where gravity is so strong, so it can not get out of them any light Oomadh or signal of any kind, this is either the result of the collapse of the star giant after ending a balance between pressure and gravity as a result of the burning of light material and converts heavy materials such as iron, and it can be either a result of the concentration of a very large block of dozens of stars in a relatively small space in the heart of the galaxy
?Do black holes are the holes already
Black holes are not holes at all but rather the contrary, so it is a large block shrunk to a very small volume of high-density, according to Einstein's theory, the force of gravity in the offense black Kalthagb is very large so that it must be to all of the adjoining material and light. Now, we can define the black hole
: The nature of black holes
Black Hole Simple is the rotor consists of a central uniqueness dot surrounded by a spherical region with the radius of the so-called beam Schwarzschild In radius This is a very strong gravitational nor anything can escape from it, and called the borders of that region B (event horizon), which is about the limits of the area space-time (time 0 place) that can not escape them, and work in the form of fraud is one way a hole inside rather than outside, a light path in space-time as he tried to escape from black holes
Since there is something going faster than light, any Shi is located in this region will reach speeds density area and high end of the decade, which means that he is not up information nor any accident as possible picking within those limits (the limits of the event horizon) and to the outside world. It is known from the laws of general relativity that the place and mass Kmytan interconnected, Vaketlh cause mi place and Andgath, location determines the course of the article
In normal space whenever bloc increased propensity increased, and if the block has increased so dramatically become the end point of gravity anomaly tendency to be high then not escape them light a black hole
This image shows a simple primitive black hole, since the escape velocity is less as possible and infinite mass, and thus the total energy equal to the kinetic energy in addition to the energy situation
Many heard from us about the so-called black hole, and this term of astronomy and modern physics terms, and it was not known in ancient times ever, the emergence of the term as an idea in the nineteenth century, as launched by some scientists to describe the heavy concentration of a substance in a particular spot in space began Ktlaa pose concentrated in a small volume, which leads to high intensity that place millions of times greater density of a substance known to man. This concentration is the so-called default black hole, and the reason behind it is named is that this assumption leads to the emergence of the field of gravity is so massive, so much so that the light emitted from that offense formed from a pool of that article can not Mgadh surface of that offense, that he could not escape of the area attractions so the black hole, as well as to the severity of its appeal, it attracts any block encountered in space Phipptalha toward its center, was called a hole as it swallows any visible mass in space no matter what size or density is reached, the so-called black because the light does not escape from it and therefore can not be monitoring Tlskubia Mtallqa. Perhaps some question as long as you can not monitor how known astronomers and physicists presence fact, the existence of a black hole in anticipation astronomer physically no more, but after the success of my theory Einstein: special relativity and general relativity, it was possible to verify his presence by experience, as observed deviation cosmic radiation in regions of the universe amazingly when passing certain places Vafterd scientists under the theory of relativity and the existence of a black hole with certainty because it is not an explanation but there is scope to attract strong results from focus bloc. Still a lot of mystery surrounding the fact that there are those black holes in the universe, and the evidence is still scarce to prove its existence, especially as they are invisible, and can never predict the fate of the article that these holes swallow, but with the development of physics and astronomy continuously, we expect in the future prove interesting information about black holes in the universe
: The lives of stars
I was born stars after the birth of the universe, after the Big Bang, the heavy hydrogen atoms appeared (I) met these atoms with each other and with the cosmic dust in what is known Balsdam which is a cloud of gas and cosmic dust and due to the presence of hydrogen atoms and the influence of the force of gravity to shrink the cloud and increased temperature and pressure even approaching the atoms of each other for a certain distance then show the impact of nuclear power as hydrogen merge with each to be helium and radiating the rest mass energy and emit light according to Einstein's equation, and the longer this very moment the birth of the star, and then travel the star natural for his life during which consumes nuclear nutrition and estimated age of the stars through over radiance (any color in which they appear), Vndjem like our sun (which is the middle of stars) approaching in color from orange-old young age estimates, and there are enough fuel five thousand million years !! By the end of nuclear reactions in the soles of the star begins a new stage is the stage of old age or death phase where the stars turn into red giants due to the extreme forces within them, and Bhetwala nuclear fusion processes take a star in its energy consumption without the possibility of producing more of them leading to shrink in size and thus become the star thick enough and then the power of dissonance becomes less than the force of gravity and know the limits of (Chandra Zykhar) by then the fate of the star will be determined according to the amount of mass
The first case: If the mass of the star like the sun block or a little less, the star shrinks and becomes a white dwarf is the size of the Earth, such as the size, because the power of repulsion between the electrons is greater than the rest of the powers and radiates the white dwarf
It is exemplified by the sun, which devour the planet Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, and up to the limits of the buyer, in the Red Mrahlhalamlaq and come back after a cosmic period of the white dwarf
Second case: If the star is greater than the sun's mass 1.4 it during the depletion of energy Sathaoy automatically, and during this collapse, the electrons are negatively charged and positively charged protons will unite composed neutrons neutral charge and stop this collapse when the pressure of neutrons high to equal the impact of the force of attraction the inside (ie the gaseous pressure is similar to the force of gravity) and bringing the remaining material superstar superstar Natronaa a radius of up to dozens of miles with high intensity are hundreds of millions of tons per square centimeter
Third case: If the mass of the star's biggest three times mass of the sun, it can either electrons or protons to resist the gravitational Oltqs process of the star and the star will continue to collapse until all the compressed mass at the same infinite density called a point (point of singularity)
Before reaching this stage, the star collapsed will cross from inside diameter Schwarzschild half of its disappearing from sight and component (black hole) and this stage can not be captured directly, but can locate a number of observations indirect, such as the issuance of intense waves of X-rays from objects located under its impact, or disappearance of the celestial bodies as soon approach the area of its appeal
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